UKUSHINTSHA
Emkhakheni wekhemistri, i-flocculation inqubo lapho izinhlayiya ze-colloidal ziphuma emvuleni ngendlela egelezayo noma ye-flake kusukela ekumisweni ngokuzenzekelayo noma ngokungezwa kwesicacisi. Le nqubo ihlukile emvuleni ngokuthi i-colloid imiswa kuphela oketshezini njengendlela yokuhlakazeka okuzinzile ngaphambi kokuthi i-flocculation futhi empeleni ayincibiliki njengesixazululo.
I-coagulation kanye ne-flocculation yizinqubo ezibalulekile ekwelashweni kwamanzi. Isenzo se-coagulation siwukuthuntubeza nokuhlanganisa izinhlayiya ngokusebenzisana kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwe-coagulant ne-colloid, futhi kuntanta futhi kuholele izinhlayiya ezingazinzile ngokuzihlanganisa zibe yi-flocculation.
INCAZELO YETEMU
Ngokusho kwe-IUPAC, i-flocculation "inqubo yokuthintana nokunamathela lapho izinhlayiya zokusabalalisa zakha amaqoqo anosayizi omkhulu".
Ngokuyisisekelo, i-flocculation iyinqubo yokwengeza i-flocculant ukuze kuphazamiseke izinhlayiya ezishajiwe ezinzile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-flocculation iyindlela yokuxuba ekhuthaza i-agglomeration futhi ifake isandla ekuxazululeni izinhlayiya. I-coagulant evamile i-Al2 (SO4) 3• 14H2O.
Inkambu yohlelo lokusebenza
UBUCHWEPHESHE BOKWELAPHA AMANZI
I-Flocculation kanye nemvula kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlanzeni amanzi okuphuza kanye nasekwelapheni indle, amanzi emvula namanzi angcolile ezimbonini. Izinqubo zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa ama-gratings, coagulation, flocculation, precipitation, particle filtration and disinfection.
I-SUPACE CHEMISTRY
Kumakhemikhali e-colloidal, i-flocculation inqubo lapho izinhlayiya ezinhle zihlanganiswa ndawonye. I-floc ingase intande iye phezulu oketshezini (i-opalescent), ihlale phansi oketshezini (imvula) noma ihlunge kalula oketshezini. Ukuziphatha kwe-flocculation ye-colloid yenhlabathi kuhlobene eduze nekhwalithi yamanzi ahlanzekile. Ukuhlakazeka okuphezulu kwe-colloid yenhlabathi akudali nje kuphela ngokuqondile ukuthuthumela kwamanzi azungezile, kodwa futhi kubangela i-eutrophication ngenxa yokumuncwa kwezakhamzimba emifuleni, emachibini ngisho nasezikhunjini zangaphansi kolwandle.
IKHEMIstry YOMZIMBA
Kuma-emulsions, i-flocculation ichaza ukuhlanganiswa kwamaconsi ahlakazekile angawodwa ukuze amaconsi ngamanye angalahlekelwa yimpahla yawo. Ngakho, i-flocculation yisinyathelo sokuqala (i-droplet coalescence kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwesigaba sokugcina) okuholela ekugugeni okuqhubekayo kwe-emulsion. Ama-flocculants asetshenziswa ekuzuzeni amaminerali, kodwa angasetshenziswa futhi ekwakheni izakhiwo zomzimba zokudla nezidakamizwa.
DEFLOCCULATE
I-Reverse flocculation iphambene ncamashi ne-flocculation futhi ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-gelling. I-sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) iyisibonelo esijwayelekile. Izinhlayiya ze-Colloidal zivame ukuhlakazwa kububanzi be-pH obuphezulu, ngaphandle kwamandla aphansi e-ionic esixazululo kanye nokubusa kwama-cations ensimbi e-monovalent. Izithasiselo ezivimbela i-colloid ekwenzeni i-flocculent zibizwa ngokuthi ama-antiflocculants. Ngokuhlehla kwe-flocculation ngokusebenzisa izithiyo ze-electrostatic, umthelela we-flocculant ehlehlayo ungalinganiswa ngamandla e-zeta. Ngokwe-Encyclopedia Dictionary of Polymers, i-antiflocculation “yisimo noma isimo sokuhlakazeka kokuqina oketshezini lapho ingxenyana ngayinye eqinile ihlala izimele futhi ingaxhumene nomakhelwane bayo (ngokufana nje ne-emulsifier). Ukumiswa okungaguquki kunoziro noma amanani esivuno aphansi kakhulu “.
I-reverse flocculation ingaba yinkinga ezikhungweni zokukhuculula indle njengoba kuvame ukuholela ezinkingeni zokuxazulula udaka kanye nokuwohloka kwekhwalithi yokungcola.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-03-2023