Isikhungo sokuhlanza amanzi/amanzi angcolile
Umkhiqizo ovela ezikhungweni zokukhuculula indle ukukhiqizwa kukadoti oqukethe izinto eziningi ezingaba ukungcola. Ngisho namanzi asetshenziswe kabusha ane-chlorine angaqukatha imikhiqizo ebulala amagciwane njenge-trihalomethane ne-haloacetic acid. Izinsalela eziqinile ezivela ezitshalweni zokuhlanza indle, ezibizwa ngama-biosolids, ziqukethe umanyolo ojwayelekile, kodwa zingaqukatha izinsimbi ezisindayo kanye nezinhlanganisela eziphilayo zokwenziwa ezitholakala emikhiqizweni yasendlini.
Imboni yamakhemikhali ibhekene nezinselelo ezinkulu zokulawula imvelo ekwelapheni ukuchithwa kwamanzi angcolile. Izinto ezingcolisayo ezilahlwa yizindawo zokuhluza i-petroleum kanye nezitshalo ze-petrochemical zihlanganisa ukungcola okujwayelekile okufana namafutha namafutha kanye nezinto eziqinile ezimisiwe, kanye ne-ammonia, i-chromium, i-phenol nama-sulfide.
I-power plant
Iziteshi zikaphethiloli wezinsalela, ikakhulukazi ezibaswa ngamalahle, ziwumthombo omkhulu wamanzi angcolile ezimbonini. Eziningi zalezi zitshalo zikhipha amanzi angcolile aqukethe amazinga aphezulu ezinsimbi ezifana nomthofu, i-mercury, i-cadmium ne-chromium, kanye nezinhlanganisela ze-arsenic, i-selenium ne-nitrogen (ama-nitrate nama-nitrites). Izitshalo ezinezilawuli zokungcoliswa komoya, njengezikhuhla ezimanzi, zivame ukudlulisa ukungcola okubanjiwe emifudlaneni yamanzi angcolile.
Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi/insimbi
Amanzi asetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni insimbi asetshenziselwa ukupholisa nokuhlukaniswa ngomkhiqizo. Ingcoliswe ngemikhiqizo efana ne-ammonia ne-cyanide phakathi nenqubo yokuqala yokuguqulwa. Imfucuza ihlanganisa i-benzene, i-naphthalene, i-anthracene, i-phenol ne-cresol. Ukwakha insimbi nensimbi kube amapuleti, izintambo, noma amabha kudinga amanzi njengesisekelo sokuthambisa nesipholile, kanye noketshezi olusebenza ngamanzi, ibhotela, nezinto eziqinile eziyimbudumbudu. Amanzi ensimbi eyakhiwe ngamapulangwe adinga i-hydrochloric ne-sulfuric acid. Amanzi angcolile ahlanganisa amanzi okuhlanza i-asidi kanye ne-asidi engcolile. Amanzi angcolile amaningi embonini yensimbi angcoliswe uketshezi olusebenzisa amanzi, aziwa nangokuthi ngamafutha ancibilikayo.
Imboni yokucubungula insimbi
Imfucuza evela emisebenzini yokuqedela insimbi ngokuvamile iwudaka (udaka) oluqukethe izinsimbi ezincibilike oketshezini. Imisebenzi yokukhiqiza i-Metal plating, i-metal finishing kanye nebhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe (PCB) ikhiqiza inqwaba yesilika equkethe ama-hydroxide ensimbi njenge-ferric hydroxide, i-magnesium hydroxide, i-nickel hydroxide, i-zinc hydroxide, i-copper hydroxide ne-aluminium hydroxide. Amanzi angcolile okuqedela insimbi kufanele aphathwe ukuze ahambisane nayo yonke imithetho esebenzayo ngenxa yethonya lemvelo kanye nomthelela womuntu/wezilwane wale mfucuza.
Ilondolo yezimboni
Imboni yezindwangu zezentengiselwano isebenzisana nenani elikhulu lezimpahla zokugqoka unyaka ngamunye, futhi le mifaniswano, amathawula, i-MATS yaphansi, njll., ikhiqiza amanzi angcolile agcwele uwoyela, i-wadding, isihlabathi, i-grit, izinsimbi ezisindayo, kanye nezinhlanganisela eziphilayo eziguquguqukayo okufanele zilashwe. ngaphambi kokukhishwa.
Imboni yezimayini
Izinsalela zemayini ziyingxube yamanzi kanye namatshe acolekileyo agxotshiwe asele ekukhishweni kwezimbiwa ezigxilile, njengegolide noma isiliva, ngesikhathi sokumba. Ukulahlwa ngempumelelo kwezinsalela zezimayini kuyinselelo enkulu ezinkampanini zezimayini. Izinsalela ziyisibopho sezemvelo kanye nenselelo enkulu yezindleko kanye nethuba lokunciphisa izindleko zokuhamba nokulahla. Ukwelashwa okufanele kungaqeda isidingo samachibi ama-tailings.
Uwoyela negesi fracking
Amanzi angcolile aphuma ekumba igesi ye-shale athathwa njengemfucuza eyingozi futhi anosawoti omningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi axutshwe namakhemikhali ezimboni emjovo Wemithombo ukuze kube lula ukumba aqukethe ukugxila okuphezulu kwe-sodium, i-magnesium, insimbi, i-barium, i-strontium, i-manganese, i-methanol, i-chlorine, i-sulfate nezinye izinto. Ngesikhathi sokumba, izinto ezikhipha imisebe ngokwemvelo zibuyela phezulu kanye namanzi. Amanzi ama-fracking angaqukatha ama-hydrocarbon, okuhlanganisa ubuthi obufana ne-benzene, i-toluene, i-ethylbenzene ne-xylene engakhishwa ngesikhathi sokumba.
Ukucubungula ukudla
Ukugxila kwezibulala-zinambuzane, izibulala-zinambuzane, imfucumfucu yezilwane kanye nomanyolo ekudleni nasemanzini angcolile ezolimo konke kudinga ukuphathwa. Enqubweni yokucubungula ukudla okuvela ezintweni ezingavuthiwe, umzimba wamanzi ugcwala umthwalo omkhulu wezinhlayiya kanye nokugeleza kwezinto eziphilayo ezincibilikayo noma amakhemikhali. Imfucumfucu ephuma ekuhlatshweni nasekucutshungulweni kwezilwane, uketshezi lomzimba, uketshezi lwamathumbu negazi konke kuyimithombo yokungcola kwamanzi okudinga ukwelashwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-04-2023