Imaphi Amakhemikhali Avame Ukusetshenzwa Ezitshalweni Zokuhlanza Indle?

Lapho Ucabangela YakhoUkwelapha Amanzi AngcolileInqubo, Qala Ngokunquma Yini Okudingayo Ukuyikhipha Emanzini Ukuze Uhlangabezane Nezidingo Zokukhipha. Ngokwelashwa Kwamakhemikhali Okufanelekile, Ungasusa Ama-Ions Nezinsimbi Ezincane Ezincibilikisiwe Emanzini, Kanye Nezinsimbi Ezimisiwe. Amakhemikhali Asetshenziswa Ezimbonini Zokuhlanza Indle Ahlanganisa Ngokuyinhloko:I-Flocculant, Ph Regulator, Coagulant.

I-Flocculant
Ama-Flocculants Asetshenziswa Ezinhlobonhlobo Ezibanzi Zezimboni NeziceloUkusiza Ukukhipha Okuqinile Okumisiwe Emanzini Angcolile Ngokugxilisa Izinto Ezingcolisayo KumaSpredishithi Noma “Ama-Flocs” Antanta Phansi Noma Ahlale Phansi. Zingabuye Zisetshenziselwe Ukuthambisa I-lime, Ukugxilisa Udaka kanye Neziqina Ezimanzi Emanzi. Ama-Flocculants Emvelo Noma Amaminerali Afaka I-Silica Esebenzayo Ne-Polysaccharides, kuyilapho Ama-Synthetic Flocculants Evamile I-Polyacrylamide.
Ngokuya Ngokukhokhiswa Nokubunjwa Kwamakhemikhali Amanzi Angcolile, Ama-Flocculants Angase Asetshenziswe Wodwa Noma Ahlanganiswe nama-coagulants. Ama-Flocculants Ahlukile Kuma-coagulant Ngokuthi Ngokuvamile Ama-Polymers, kuyilapho Ama-coagulant Evame Ukuba Usawoti. Usayizi Wabo We-Molecular (Isisindo) Nokuminyana Kwe-Charge (Iphesenti Lama-molecule Ane-Anionic Noma I-Cationic Charge) Angahluka Ukuze "Alinganise" Ukushajwa Kwezinhlayiya Emanzini Futhi Kubangele Ukuba Ahlangane Ndawonye Futhi Aphelelwe Amanzi. Ngokuvamile, ama-Anionic Flocculants Asetshenziselwa Ukucupha Izinhlayiya Zamaminerali, kuyilapho Ama-Cationic Flocculants Asetshenziselwa Ukucupha Izinhlayiya Zezinto Eziphilayo.

PH Isilawuli
Ukukhipha izinsimbi nokunye ukungcola okuncibilikisiwe emanzini angcolile, isilawuli se-pH singasetshenziswa. Ngokukhuphula i-pH yamanzi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kwandise inani lama-ion e-hydroxide engalungile, lokhu kuzobangela ama-ion ensimbi ane-positive ukuthi ahlangane nalawa ma-ion e-hydroxide ashajwa kabi. Lokhu kubangela ukuhlungwa kwezinhlayiya zensimbi eziminyene nezingancibiliki.

I-coagulant
Kunoma Iyiphi Inqubo Yokuhlanza Amanzi Angcolile Ephatha Izinto Eziqinile Ezimisiwe, Ama-Coagulants Angakwazi Ukuhlanganisa Ukungcola Okumisiwe Ukuze Kususwe Kalula. Ama-Chemical Coagulants Asetshenziselwa Ukulungiswa Kwamanzi Angcolile Asezimbonini Ahlukaniswe Ngezigaba Ezimbili: I-Organic kanye Ne-Inorganic.
Ama-Coagulant Angaphilayo Ayabiza Futhi Angasetshenziselwa Ububanzi Obubanzi Bezicelo. Asebenza Kakhulu Ekulweni Namanzi Aluhlaza Kwanoma Iyiphi I-turbidity Ephansi, Futhi Lolu hlelo lokusebenza aluwafanele ama-Organic Coagulants. Lapho Yengezwa Emanzini, Ama-Coagulant Angaphili Asuka Ku-Aluminium Noma I-Iron Precipitate, Amunca Ukungcola Emanzini Futhi Awahlanze. Lokhu Kwaziwa Njengendlela “Yokushanela-Ne-Flocculate”. Nakuba Isebenza Kahle, Inqubo Yenyusa Inani Eliphelele Lodaka Oludinga Ukukhishwa Emanzini. Ama-Coagulant Ajwayelekile Angaphilanga Afaka i-Aluminium Sulfate, i-Aluminium Chloride, ne-Ferric Sulfate.
I-Organic Coagulants Inezinzuzo Zesilinganiso Esiphansi, Ukukhiqizwa Kwe-Sludge Okuncane Futhi Akunamthelela Ku-Ph Yamanzi Alashiwe. Izibonelo Zama-Organic Coagulants Ezivamile Zihlanganisa I-Polyamines Ne-Polydimethyl Diallyl Ammonium Chloride, Kanye Ne-Melamine, I-Formaldehyde Ne-Tannins.