Kuyini ukwelashwa kwamanzi we-polymer?

Yini i-polymer?
Ama-polymersamakhompiyutha enziwe ngama-molecule ahlanganiswa ndawonye ngamaketanga. Lawa maketanga ajwayele isikhathi eside futhi angaphindwa ukukhulisa usayizi wesakhiwo samangqamuzana. Ama-molecule ngamanye ngamaketanga abizwa ngokuthi ama-monomers, futhi isakhiwo se-chain singakhonjiswa ngesandla noma siguqulwe ukuze sifinyelele izakhiwo kanye nezakhiwo ezithile.
Ukudalwa kwama-ejensi ama-moden ama-moderals kuyinto isicelo sezakhiwo ze-polymer molecular ezahlukahlukene. Kulesi sihloko, noma kunjalo, sizogxila kuma-polymers embonini,ngokuqondile ukwelashwa kwamanzi e-polymer.

Ama-polmers angasetshenziswa kanjani ekwelashweni kwamanzi?
Ama-polymers awusizo kakhulu ekwelashweni kwamanzi amdaka. Ngomqondo oyisisekelo, indima yalezi zinqobu zamangqamuzana ukuhlukanisa ingxenye eqinile yamanzi amdaka avela kwingxenye yawo yoketshezi. Lapho izingxenye ezimbili zamanzi angawashintshi zihlukaniswe, kulula ukuqeda inqubo ngokuhlukanisa okuqinile nokwelapha uketshezi, kushiye amanzi ahlanzekile ngakho-ke kungalahlwa ngokuphepha noma kwezinye izinhlelo zezimboni.
Ngalo mqondo, i-polymer iyi-flocculant - into ephendulela ama-solids amiswe emanzini ukwakha ama-clumps abizwa nge-FLOC. Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu ezinqubweni zokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka, ngakho-ke ama-polymers ajwayele ukusetshenziswa yedwa ukunika amandla amandla okuthola amandla, angasusa kalula ama-solids. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu kule nqubo, ama-polymer flocculants ajwayele ukusetshenziswa ngama-coabulants.
Ama-coabulants athatha inqubo yokufakelwa ezingeni elilandelayo, aqoqa ama-flocs ndawonye ukuze akhe ungqimba oluwugqinsi olungasuswa noma luphathwe ngokwengeziwe. I-Polymer Flocculation ingenzeka ngaphambi kokungezwa kwama-coabulants noma ingasetshenziswa ukusheshisa inqubo ye-electrocaagulation. Ngoba ukusebenza nge-electrocaagulation kunezinzuzo zombili nobubi, ukusetshenziswa kwama-polymer flocculants ukwenza kahle inqubo yisiphakamiso esikhangayo sabaphathi bendawo.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-polymers aphuthumayo wamanzi
Ukwelashwa kwamanzi we-polymer kungasebenza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-monomer olusetshenziselwa ukwakha i-polymer chain. Ama-polymers ngokuvamile awela ezigabeni ezimbili ezibanzi. Bangama-cationic ne-anionic, babhekisela kumacala ahlobene namaketanga amamolekyuli.

Ama-anionic polymers ekwelashweni kwamanzi
Ama-anionic polymers akhokhiswa kabi. Lokhu kubenza babe fanele ngokukhethekile ama-solid ama-inorganic afaka ngokukhethekile, anjenge-Clay, silt noma ezinye izindlela zenhlabathi, ezivela kwizixazululo zemfucuza. Amanzi amdaka avela kumaphrojekthi wezimayini noma embonini esindayo angahle acebe kulokhu okuqukethwe okuqinile, ngakho-ke ama-anionic polymers angahle abe wusizo ngezicelo ezinjalo.

Ama-cotionic polymers ekwelashweni kwamanzi
Ngokuya ngecala layo lokulinganisa, i-polymer ye-cationer ngokuyisisekelo ihlukile kwe-anionic polymer ngoba inemali enhle. Inkokhiso emihle yama-cotionic polymers iyenza ilungele ukususa ama-organic solic kusuka kwizixazululo zamanzi angaphansi komhlaba noma izixube. Ngoba amapayipi endle asolwandle athambekele ekuqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, ama-polymers we-cationers ajwayele ukusetshenziswa ezitshalweni zokwehla kwendle zondle, yize izindawo zokusebenza zokudla nazo zisebenzisa ama-polymers.

Ama-polymers ajwayelekile ahlanganisa:
Polydimethyl diallym ammonium chloride, polyamine, polyacrylic acid / sodium polycacide, catiosic polylacide, njll.