Iyini i-polymer?
Ama-polymersziyizinhlanganisela ezenziwe ngama-molecule ahlanganiswe ndawonye ngamaketanga. Lawa maketango ngokuvamile amade futhi angaphindaphindwa ukuze kwandiswe ubukhulu besakhiwo samangqamuzana. Ama-molecule angawodwana kuketango abizwa ngokuthi ama-monomers, futhi ukwakheka kweketango kungashintshwa ngesandla noma kulungiswe ukuze kuzuzwe izakhiwo nezakhiwo ezithile.
Ukwakhiwa kobumba bokumodeliswa kwezinhloso eziningi kuwukusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo zamangqamuzana e-polymer eguquliwe. Kulesi sihloko, nokho, sizogxila kuma-polymers embonini,ikakhulukazi ukwelashwa kwamanzi e-polymer.
Ama-polymers angasetshenziswa kanjani ekwelapheni amanzi?
Ama-polymers awusizo kakhulu ekuhlanzeni amanzi angcolile. Ngomqondo oyisisekelo, indima yala maketanga wamangqamuzana iwukuhlukanisa ingxenye eqinile yamanzi angcolile nengxenye yawo yoketshezi. Uma izingxenye ezimbili zamanzi angcolile sezihlukanisiwe, kulula ukuqedela inqubo ngokuhlukanisa okuqinile nokwelapha uketshezi, kushiye amanzi ahlanzekile ukuze alahlwe ngokuphepha noma kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni.
Ngalo mqondo, i-polymer iyi-flocculant - into ehlangana nezinto eziqinile ezilenga emanzini ukuze zakhe izigaxa ezibizwa ngokuthi i-floc. Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu ezinqubweni zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile, ngakho-ke ama-polymers avame ukusetshenziswa yedwa ukuze anike amandla i-flocculation, engasusa kalula izinto eziqinile. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu kule nqubo, ama-polymer flocculants avame ukusetshenziswa nama-coagulants.
Ama-coagulant athatha inqubo ye-flocculation ayiyise kwelinye izinga, eqoqa ama-flocs ndawonye ukuze enze ungqimba oluqinile lwe-sludge olungase lususwe noma lwelashwe ngokuqhubekayo. I-polymer flocculation ingenzeka ngaphambi kokwengezwa kwama-coagulants noma ingasetshenziswa ukusheshisa inqubo ye-electrocoagulation. Ngenxa yokuthi i-electrocoagulation inokubili okuhle nokubi, ukusetshenziswa kwama-polymer flocculants ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubo kuyisiphakamiso esikhangayo kubaphathi besikhungo.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-polymers okwelapha amanzi
Ukwelashwa kwamanzi e-polymer kungasebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni lwe-monomer esetshenziselwa ukwakha iketango le-polymer. Ama-polymers ngokuvamile awela ezigabeni ezimbili ezibanzi. Ziyi-cationic ne-anionic, ibhekisela emashajini ahlobene amaketanga amangqamuzana.
Ama-polymers e-anionic ekwelashweni kwamanzi
Ama-polymers e-anionic akhokhiswa kabi. Lokhu kubenza bafaneleke kakhulu ukuntanta okuqinile okungaphili, njengobumba, udaka noma ezinye izinhlobo zenhlabathi, ezixazululweni zemfucuza. Amanzi angcolile avela kumaphrojekthi ezimayini noma embonini esindayo angase acebe ngalokhu okuqukethwe okuqinile, ngakho-ke ama-anionic polymers angase abe usizo ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezinjalo.
Ama-polymers e-cationic ekwelapheni amanzi
Ngokuphathelene nenkokhiso yayo ehlobene, i-polymer ye-cationic ngokuyisisekelo iphambene ne-anionic polymer ngoba inenkokhelo enhle. Ukukhokhiswa okuhle kwama-polymers e-cationic kuwenza alungele ukususa izinto eziqinile eziphilayo ezixazululweni zamanzi angcolile noma izingxube. Ngenxa yokuthi amapayipi okuthuthwa kwendle avame ukuqukatha inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, ama-polymers e-cationic avame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zokuhlanza indle kamasipala, nakuba izindawo zokucubungula ezolimo nokudla nazo zisebenzisa lezi polymers.
Ama-polymers we-cationic ajwayelekile afaka:
I-Polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, i-polyamine, i-polyacrylic acid/i-sodium polyacrylate, i-cationic polyacrylamide, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-24-2023